How to check Physical Memory utlization on solaris

To check Physical memory utlization on soalris :-

check Total physical memory:

# prtdiag -v | grep Memory

# prtconf | grep Memory

---

check Free physical Memory:

# top (if available)

# sar -r 5 10
Free Memory=freemen*8 (pagesize=8k)

# vmstat 5 10
Free Memory = free

---

For swap:

# swap -s
# swap -l


or

#prstat -s size --> wil show the memory utlization for each process

To come out from solaris zone console

To come out from solaris zone console use "~."

i102sptest console login:
i102sptest console login: ~.
[Connection to zone 'i102sptest' console closed]
root@iss2s102 #

To change ownership/permissions for a soft-link files

To change ownership/permissions for a soft-link files :-

use -h option

#chown -h ownername:groupname link-filename

#chown -h oracle:oracle file1

Backup an entire hard disk using dd command

Backup an entire hard disk using dd command :-

The ' dd ' command is one of the original Unix utilities and should be in everyone's tool box. It can strip headers, extract parts of binary files and write into the middle of floppy disks

; it is used by the Linux kernel

Makefiles to make boot images. It can be used to copy and convert magnetic tape formats, convert between ASCII and EBCDIC, swap bytes, and force to upper and lowercase.

For blocked I/O, the dd command has no competition in the standard tool set. One could write a custom utility to do specific I/O or formatting but, as dd is already available almost everywhere, it makes sense to use it.

Like most well-behaved commands, dd reads from its standard input and writes to its standard output, unless a command line specification has been given. This allows dd to be used in pipes, and remotely with the rsh remote shell command.

Unlike most commands, dd uses a keyword=value format for its parameters. This was reputedly modeled after IBM System/360 JCL, which had an elaborate DD 'Dataset Definition' specification for I/O devices. A complete listing of all keywords is available from GNU dd with

# dd --help

For more options check dd man page

Using dd you can create backups of an entire harddisk

or just a parts of it. This is also usefull to quickly copy installations to similar machines. It will only work on disks that are exactly the same in disk geometry, meaning they have to the same model from the same brand.

full hard disk copy

dd if=/dev/hdx of=/dev/hdy
dd if=/dev/hdx of=/path/to/image
dd if=/dev/hdx | gzip > /path/to/image.gz

Hdx could be hda, hdb etc. In the second example gzip is used to compress the image if it is really just a backup.

Restore Backup of hard disk copy

dd if=/path/to/image of=/dev/hdx

gzip -dc /path/to/image.gz | dd of=/dev/hdx

MBR backup

In order to backup only the first few bytes containing the MBR and the partition table you can use dd as well.

dd if=/dev/hdx of=/path/to/image count=1 bs=512

MBR restore

dd if=/path/to/image of=/dev/hdx

Add "count=1 bs=446" to exclude the partition table from being written to disk. You can manually restore the table

To set an IP address permanently in Solaris

just edit two files
#vi /etc/hostname.hme0
change the ip address as required in this file
#vi /etc/netmasks
change the netmask as required in this file

UPDATE: It seems that Solaris 10 now checks the /etc/inet/ipnodes file first before the /etc/hosts file to set the IP. So, if the IP is currently set in /etc/inet/ipnodes, you will have to change it there as well.

* IP -> /etc/hosts
* Netmask -> /etc/netmasks
* Gateway -> /etc/defaultrouter
* IP (again) -> /etc/inet/ipnodes (This is new in Solaris 10)
* DNS Servers -> /etc/resolv.conf

After replace the faulty HBA Card, need to perform below actions

After replace the faulty HBA Card on SUN Servers, need to perform below actions

1)SAN Team update the zoning and masking for the new HBA-WWN No like <10000000C9388B24>

2) SA Team run the below commands, these steps will get the path active

#update_drv -f sd ; devfsadm -C -c disks
#update_drv -f sd ; devfsadm -C -c disks
#vxdctl enable

Symbolic Values for File and Directory Permissions

Symbolic Values for File and Directory Permissions :-


Symbol Function* Description

u Who User (owner)
g Who Group
o Who Others
A Who All
= Operation Assign
+ Operation Add
- Operation Remove
r Permission Read
w Permission Write
x Permission Execute
l Permission Mandatory locking, setgid bit is on, group execution bit is off
s Permission setuid or setgid bit is on
S Permission suid bit is on, user execution bit is off
t Permission Sticky bit is on, execution bit for others is on
T Permission Sticky bit is on, execution bit for others is off